假设已知的降解模型,学到的图像超分辨率(SR)模型的性能取决于训练集中的图像特性的多样性与测试集中的图像特征相匹配。结果,根据特定图像的特征是否与训练集中的特征相似,SR模型的性能在测试集上从图像到图像明显变化。因此,通常,单个SR模型不能很好地概括所有类型的图像内容。在这项工作中,我们表明,为不同类别的图像(例如,用于文本,纹理等)培训多个SR模型,以利用特定类的图像先验,并采用后处理网络,该网络学习如何最好地融合所产生的输出通过这些多个SR模型,超过了最先进的通用SR模型的性能。实验结果清楚地表明,所提出的多重模型SR(MMSR)方法显着优于单个预训练的最先进的SR模型,既定量和视觉上都有。它甚至超出了在类似文本或纹理图像上训练的最佳单一类SR模型的性能。
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基于流量的生成超分辨率(SR)模型学会生产一组可行的SR解决方案,称为SR空间。 SR溶液的多样性随着潜在变量的温度($ \ tau $)的增加而增加,这引入了样品溶液之间纹理的随机变化,从而导致视觉伪像和低忠诚度。在本文中,我们提出了一种简单但有效的图像结合/融合方法,以获得消除随机伪像的单个SR图像,并改善忠诚度,而不会显着损害感知质量。我们通过从流量模型跨越的SR空间中的一系列可行的光真实解决方案中受益,从而实现这一目标。我们提出了不同的图像结合和融合策略,这些策略提供了多种途径,可以根据手头任务的保真度与感知质量要求,以可控的方式将SR Slace样本解决方案移至感知延伸平面中更为理想的目的地。实验结果表明,与流量模型和经过对抗训练的模型所产生的样本SR图像相比,我们的图像结合/融合策略在定量指标和视觉质量方面实现了更有希望的感知依赖权衡。
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Development of guidance, navigation and control frameworks/algorithms for swarms attracted significant attention in recent years. That being said, algorithms for planning swarm allocations/trajectories for engaging with enemy swarms is largely an understudied problem. Although small-scale scenarios can be addressed with tools from differential game theory, existing approaches fail to scale for large-scale multi-agent pursuit evasion (PE) scenarios. In this work, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL) based framework to decompose to large-scale swarm engagement problems into a number of independent multi-agent pursuit-evasion games. We simulate a variety of multi-agent PE scenarios, where finite time capture is guaranteed under certain conditions. The calculated PE statistics are provided as a reward signal to the high level allocation layer, which uses an RL algorithm to allocate controlled swarm units to eliminate enemy swarm units with maximum efficiency. We verify our approach in large-scale swarm-to-swarm engagement simulations.
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Effective conservation of maritime environments and wildlife management of endangered species require the implementation of efficient, accurate and scalable solutions for environmental monitoring. Ecoacoustics offers the advantages of non-invasive, long-duration sampling of environmental sounds and has the potential to become the reference tool for biodiversity surveying. However, the analysis and interpretation of acoustic data is a time-consuming process that often requires a great amount of human supervision. This issue might be tackled by exploiting modern techniques for automatic audio signal analysis, which have recently achieved impressive performance thanks to the advances in deep learning research. In this paper we show that convolutional neural networks can indeed significantly outperform traditional automatic methods in a challenging detection task: identification of dolphin whistles from underwater audio recordings. The proposed system can detect signals even in the presence of ambient noise, at the same time consistently reducing the likelihood of producing false positives and false negatives. Our results further support the adoption of artificial intelligence technology to improve the automatic monitoring of marine ecosystems.
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We consider the problem of decision-making under uncertainty in an environment with safety constraints. Many business and industrial applications rely on real-time optimization with changing inputs to improve key performance indicators. In the case of unknown environmental characteristics, real-time optimization becomes challenging, particularly for the satisfaction of safety constraints. We propose the ARTEO algorithm, where we cast multi-armed bandits as a mathematical programming problem subject to safety constraints and learn the environmental characteristics through changes in optimization inputs and through exploration. We quantify the uncertainty in unknown characteristics by using Gaussian processes and incorporate it into the utility function as a contribution which drives exploration. We adaptively control the size of this contribution using a heuristic in accordance with the requirements of the environment. We guarantee the safety of our algorithm with a high probability through confidence bounds constructed under the regularity assumptions of Gaussian processes. Compared to existing safe-learning approaches, our algorithm does not require an exclusive exploration phase and follows the optimization goals even in the explored points, which makes it suitable for safety-critical systems. We demonstrate the safety and efficiency of our approach with two experiments: an industrial process and an online bid optimization benchmark problem.
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捕获基于协变量的多变量响应载体之间的条件协方差或相关性对于包括神经科学,流行病学和生物医学在内的各个领域很重要。我们提出了一种新方法,称为随机森林(covregrf),以使用随机森林框架估算一个多变量响应的协方差矩阵。随机林木的建造具有专门设计的分裂规则,以最大化儿童节点的样本协方差矩阵估计值之间的差异。我们还提出了对协变量子集的部分效应的显着性检验。我们通过一项模拟研究评估了提出的方法和显着性测试的性能,该研究表明该方法提供了准确的协方差矩阵估计值,并且Type-1误差得到了很好的控制。我们还证明了该方法与甲状腺疾病数据集的应用。
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深度MRI重建通常是使用有条件的模型进行的,该模型将其映射到完全采样的数据作为输出中。有条件的模型在加速成像运算符的知识下执行了脱氧,因此在操作员的域转移下,它们概括了很差。无条件模型是一种强大的替代方法,相反,它可以学习生成图像先验,以提高针对领域转移的可靠性。鉴于它们的高度代表性多样性和样本质量,最近的扩散模型特别有希望。然而,事先通过静态图像进行预测会导致次优性能。在这里,我们提出了一种基于适应性扩散的新型MRI重建Adadiff。为了启用有效的图像采样,引入了一个可以使用大扩散步骤的对抗映射器。使用受过训练的先验进行两阶段的重建:一个快速扩散阶段,产生初始重建阶段,以及一个适应阶段,其中更新扩散先验以最大程度地减少获得的K空间数据的重建损失。关于多对比的大脑MRI的演示清楚地表明,Adadiff在跨域任务中的竞争模型以及域内任务中的卓越或PAR性能方面取得了出色的性能。
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设计人工代理商是一个长期的梦想,可以通过内在动机有效地探索其环境,这类似于孩子们的表演方式。尽管最新的本质上动机增强学习(RL)的进步,但在物体操纵方案中的样本效率探索仍然是一个重大挑战,因为大多数相关信息都在于稀疏的代理对象和对象对象相互作用。在本文中,我们建议使用结构化的世界模型将关系电感偏置纳入控制回路中,以实现组成多对象环境中的样品效率和相互作用富含的探索。通过计划未来的新颖性结构化世界模型,我们的方法生成了自由播放的行为,这些行为早期就开始与对象交互,并随着时间的推移发展更复杂的行为。我们的方法不仅仅是使用模型来计算固有的奖励,我们的方法表明,良好模型和良好探索之间的自我增强周期也开辟了另一条途径:通过基于模型的计划,零击向下游任务。在完全固有的任务不足探索阶段之后,我们的方法解决了诸如堆叠,翻转,拾取和地点之类的挑战性下游任务,并投掷,这些任务概括为看不见的数字和对象的安排,而无需任何其他培训。
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使用深神经网络作为函数近似器导致加强学习算法和应用的罢工进展。然而,我们在决策边界几何和神经政策的损失景观中的知识仍然非常有限。在本文中,我们提出了一个框架来调查各种州和跨MDP的决策边界和损失景观相似之处。我们在街机学习环境中进行各种游戏进行实验,并发现神经政策的高灵敏度方向横跨MDP相关。我们认为,这些高灵敏度方向支持非强大功能在加固学习代理的培训环境中共享非强大功能。我们相信我们的结果揭示了深度加强学习培训中使用的环境的基本属性,并代表了建立强大可靠的深度加固学习代理的有形步骤。
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